Pathophysiology Notes

Cancer Cancer is defined as the uncontrolled proliferation of cell populations that defy the normal rules of cell division. Such cells are known as cancer cells. Normal cells are directly monitored, and their growth, proliferation and cell division are monitored by signal transduction. However, cancer cells have developed autonomous mechanisms for their growth and reproduction. …

Cellular adaptations refer to the changes made by cells in response to various stimuli or changes in their local environment. This can involve changing the number of cells or their morphological appearance. It can be physiological, where it occurs in normal tissues or organs, or pathological, i.e. occurring in disease states. In this article, we …

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